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	<title>Anglican Mainstream &#187; Homosexuality</title>
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	<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net</link>
	<description>an information resource for orthodox Anglicans</description>
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		<title>Ex-Gays Call on School Board to Reprimand Superintendent for Sexual Orientation Discrimination</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/09/ex-gays-call-on-school-board-to-reprimand-superintendent-for-sexual-orientation-discrimination/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/09/ex-gays-call-on-school-board-to-reprimand-superintendent-for-sexual-orientation-discrimination/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Feb 2012 16:58:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Discrimination]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55815</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From Pfox
Demand Ex-Gay Tolerance Training for Staff and Students
	In response to media reports that Montgomery County (Maryland) Superintendent Joshua Starr called ex-gay flyers distributed to high school students as &#8220;reprehensible and deplorable&#8221; with a &#8220;really, really disgusting message,&#8221; Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays and Gays (PFOX) is calling for the Board of Education to reprimand [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span><img alt="" height="246" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/pfox1c(1).png" width="512" />From Pfox</span></p>
<p><span><strong>Demand Ex-Gay Tolerance Training for Staff and Students</strong></p>
<p>	In response to media reports that Montgomery County (Maryland) Superintendent Joshua Starr called ex-gay flyers distributed to high school students as &ldquo;reprehensible and deplorable&rdquo; with a &ldquo;really, really disgusting message,&rdquo; Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays and Gays (PFOX) is calling for the Board of Education to reprimand Starr. PFOX&rsquo;s flyers provided information to students with unwanted same-sex attractions, discouraged name calling and labeling, and urged tolerance for former homosexuals.</p>
<p>	&ldquo;We call on the Montgomery County Board of Education to enforce its Nondiscrimination Policy and censure Starr immediately,&rdquo; said Regina Griggs, executive director of PFOX. &ldquo;The Policy mandates that schools provide &lsquo;an atmosphere where differences are understood and appreciated, and where all persons are treated fairly and with respect in an environment free of discrimination and &hellip; abuse.&rsquo; Clearly Superintendent Starr has violated the Board&rsquo;s Policy,&rdquo; said Griggs.</p>
<p>	&ldquo;Starr&rsquo;s verbal abuse, disrespectful behavior, and slurs against the ex-gay community amount to hate and illegal sexual orientation discrimination, which are all forbidden by the Policy.&rdquo;</p>
<p>	According to media reports, Starr is discussing with his staff how to turn the flyers into a learning experience for students. &ldquo;Starr does not respect diversity and is creating an unsafe school environment,&rdquo; said Griggs.</p>
<p>	The Board&rsquo;s Nondiscrimination Policy also mandates training for students and staff to ensure its implementation. &ldquo;Starr&rsquo;s flagrant violation of the Policy demonstrates that all tolerance training and diversity education must include ex-gays, which is the only sexual orientation discriminated against in Montgomery County Public Schools. Its Respect for Differences in Human Sexuality lessons promote tolerance of gays, bisexuals, transgenders, cross-dressers and the intersexed, yet fail to include ex-gays, which explains the appalling lack of respect for former homosexuals. The Board must act immediately to remedy this blatant discrimination and include ex-gays.&rdquo;</span></p>
<p><a href="http://pfox.org/Ex-Gays-Call-School-Board-Reprimand.html" target="_blank"><span>Read here</span></a></p>
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		<title>Same-Sex Science</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/04/same-sex-science-2/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/04/same-sex-science-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Feb 2012 23:24:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature/Nurture]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55586</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Stanton L. Jones, First Things
	The social sciences cannot settle the moral status of homosexuality. 
	Many religious and social conservatives believe that homosexuality is a mental illness caused exclusively by psychological or spiritual factors and that all homosexual persons could change their orientation if they simply tried hard enough. This view is widely pilloried (and rightly [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="" height="112" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Question.jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />Stanton L. Jones, First Things<strong></p>
<p>	The social sciences cannot settle the moral status of homosexuality.</strong> </p>
<p>	Many religious and social conservatives believe that homosexuality is a mental illness caused exclusively by psychological or spiritual factors and that all homosexual persons could change their orientation if they simply tried hard enough. This view is widely pilloried (and rightly so) as both wrong on the facts and harmful in effect. But few who attack it are willing to acknowledge that today a wholly different, far more influential, and no less harmful set of falsehoods&mdash;each attributed to the findings of &ldquo;science&rdquo;&mdash;dominates the research literature and political discourse.</p>
<p>	We are told that homosexual persons are just as psychologically healthy as heterosexuals, that sexual orientation is biologically determined at birth, that sexual orientation cannot be changed and that the attempt to change it is necessarily harmful, that homosexual relationships are equivalent to heterosexual ones in all important characteristics, and that personal identity is properly and legitimately constituted around sexual orientation. These claims are as misguided as the ridiculed beliefs of some social conservatives, as they spring from distorted or incomplete representations of the best findings from the science of same-sex attraction.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.firstthings.com/article/2012/01/same-sex-science" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
<p>Read the paper in its entirety <a href="http://www.wheaton.edu/CACE/Hot-Topics" target="_blank">here</a></p>
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		<title>&#8216;Homosexuality is not a civil right&#8217; &#8211; Greg Quinlan at marriage equality hearing</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/04/homosexuality-is-not-a-civil-right-greg-quinlan-at-marriage-equality-hearing/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/04/homosexuality-is-not-a-civil-right-greg-quinlan-at-marriage-equality-hearing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Feb 2012 15:51:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55580</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Greg Quinlan is President of PFOX (Parents and friends of Ex-Gays)
&#34;Homosexuality is not a civil right. Civil rights are based on innateness, whether or not you were born that way. To date, there is zero evidence that anyone is born a homosexual. Zero. In fact it&#39;s homosexual researchers and scientists that are proving that homosexuality [...]]]></description>
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<p>Greg Quinlan is President of <a href="http://pfox.org/default.html" target="_blank">PFOX</a> (Parents and friends of Ex-Gays)</p>
<p>&quot;Homosexuality is not a civil right. Civil rights are based on innateness, whether or not you were born that way. To date, there is zero evidence that anyone is born a homosexual. Zero. In fact it&#39;s homosexual researchers and scientists that are proving that homosexuality is not innate and has no biological ideology. Homosexuality is not immutable. People do change. People have a right of self-determination. They can choose to change from being gay to straight. Why can&#39;t they choose to change from being straight to ga?</p>
<p>	&quot;People do it all the time. There are many ex-gays. Anne Heche, to name one. Sinead O&#39;Connor. And myself. I left the homosexual lifestyle almost 20 years ago. Lived as a homosexual activist for 10 years of my life. I&#39;m a registered nurse. I watched 100 of my friends and acquaintances die of AIDS before I stopped counting. I&#39;ve seen lots of things but homosexuality does not deserve to be codified or recognized as marriage in any state.&quot;<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	&ldquo;I want to talk first of all about something I heard from the very beginning by people of this Legislature that we are bigots as people of faith, because we do not hold that homosexual marriage should be codified. That somehow we are bigots and we are ideologues because we are people of faith. I want to address that hate. Everyone in this room who is a person of faith deserves an apology from one of the sponsors of this bill for calling us bigots.&rdquo;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>Helping those who aren&#8217;t glad to be gay</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/02/helping-those-who-arent-glad-to-be-gay/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/02/02/helping-those-who-arent-glad-to-be-gay/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Feb 2012 11:46:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55477</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Ann Widdecombe, Express
ALMOST anybody can get help for anything from psychotherapists in this country except apparently gays who do not want to be gay.
	A man who wants to be a woman will receive not only the necessary operations but also a huge amount of psychological support and counselling.
	So will the infertile who desperately want [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="" height="186" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Pilkington Lesley(6).gif" vspace="2" width="152" />By Ann Widdecombe, Express</p>
<p>ALMOST anybody can get help for anything from psychotherapists in this country except apparently gays who do not want to be gay.</p>
<p>	A man who wants to be a woman will receive not only the necessary operations but also a huge amount of psychological support and counselling.</p>
<p>	So will the infertile who desperately want children. Yet the unhappy homosexual should, according to gay activists, be denied any chance whatever to investigate any possibility of seeing if he can be helped to become heterosexual.</p>
<p>	Lesley Pilkington was found to have broken the ethical code of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy when she agreed to a request from Patrick Strudwick to help him become a heterosexual. </p>
<p>	Unbeknown to her it was a bogus request designed to entrap her, or as he would put it, to discredit counselling which tries to help an individual change sexuality.</p>
<p>	Lesley Pilkington was found to have broken the ethical code of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy when she agreed to a request from Patrick Strudwick to help him become a heterosexual.</p>
<p>That of course is rot because no therapy will work unless the person receiving it is committed to the outcome.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/299271/Helping-those-who-aren-t-glad-to-be-gay" target="_blank">Read here</a>&nbsp; (Some interesting comments at the end of the article)</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/299271/Helping-those-who-aren-t-glad-to-be-gay" target="_blank"></p>
<p>
	</a></p>
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		<title>Letter in support of Christian counsellor</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/30/letter-in-support-of-christian-counsellor/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/30/letter-in-support-of-christian-counsellor/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 2012 22:35:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55389</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Lord Carey, the former Archbishop of Canterbury, alongside eleven senior Anglican Bishops and others from public life, are among seventy figures who have expressed public support for a Christian psychotherapist, ahead of an Appeal hearing this week.&#160;
	A letter written in support of Lesley Pilkington, the psychotherapist at the centre of this case &#8211; which involves, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><img align="right" alt="" height="184" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Pilkington Lesley(5).gif" vspace="2" width="150" />Lord Carey, the former Archbishop of Canterbury, alongside eleven senior Anglican Bishops and others from public life, are among seventy figures who have expressed public support for a Christian psychotherapist, ahead of an Appeal hearing this week.&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p>	A letter written in support of Lesley Pilkington, the psychotherapist at the centre of this case &ndash; which involves, among other things, unwanted homosexuality and therapy &ndash; has been co-signed by people from five countries. In addition to the Bishops, there are other Christian leaders of churches and organisations, various experts and mental health practitioners.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Text of letter and 70 signatories</strong></p>
<p>Lesley Pilkington is a practising psychotherapist who distinguishes very carefully between her non-directive counselling and the biblical and pastoral counselling which, as a Christian, she also offers. She was approached at a conference by a man who said he was unhappy being homosexual, and wanted her to help. Lesley explained to him that she only works in this area within a biblical Christian framework, after which he claimed that he was a Christian.&nbsp;</p>
<p>	After two sessions he announced that he was in fact a gay journalist, wanting to &lsquo;expose&rsquo; her and people like her. He then lodged complaints against her with the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). He objected to the biblical Christian values used in this case of therapy, and also to the claim that &lsquo;change is possible&rsquo; even though he had expressed his willing agreement to undergo this therapy.&nbsp;</p>
<p><span id="more-55389"></span><br />
	Psychological care for those who are distressed by unwanted homosexual attractions has been shown to yield a range of beneficial client outcomes, especially in motivated clients. This is supported by recent empirical evidence from Byrd, Nicolosi, Shaeffer, Spitzer, Jones and Yarhouse. Such therapy does not produce harm despite the Royal College of Psychiatrists (RCPsych) and others maintaining the contrary. In this area, the RCPsych seems to be guided by the Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Mental Health Special Interest Group, and could therefore be partial to one view.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	We believe that people who seek, freely, to resolve unwanted same-sex attractions hold the moral right to receive professional assistance. Whether motivated by Christian conscience or other values, clients, not practitioners, have the prerogative to choose the yardstick by which to define themselves. Not everyone stakes their identity on sexual feelings.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	If practitioners reject or challenge a client&rsquo;s right to self-determination, they risk causing potential harm to that client&rsquo;s well-being. They would also be violating professional ethical codes which, among other things, call for respect for client autonomy.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	The mental health profession, which professes to be sensitive and respectful towards diversity and equality, should be aware of taking a paternalistic line that says, effectively, &lsquo;Not all clients know what is best for their lives.&rsquo; Furthermore, competent practitioners, including those working with biblical Judeo-Christian values, should be free to assist those seeking help.&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	LIST OF SIGNATORIES in alphabetical order:&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	The Rt Revd Michael Baughen, former Bishop of Chester; former Member, House of Lords; former Rector, All Souls, Langham Place</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Colin Bazley, former Primate of the Southern Cone; former Bishop of Chile</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Wallace Benn, Bishop of Lewes</p>
<p>	Revd Mario Bergner, President, Redeemed Lives Inc.; author, &ldquo;Setting Love in Order&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Elaine Silodor Berk, Co-Director, Jews Offering New Alternatives for Healing (JONAH International), New Jersey, USA</p>
<p>	Prebendary Richard Bewes OBE, former Rector, All Souls, Langham Place </p>
<p>	Anthony Busk, Elloughton cum Brough</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Ken Clarke, Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Lord Carey of Clifton, former Archbishop of Canterbury</p>
<p>	Rev Fr Paul Check, Executive Director, Courage International</p>
<p>	Revd Graham Cotter, Vicar, St Andrews Church, Buckland Monachorum, Devon</p>
<p>	Quentin Cross, Guildford</p>
<p>	Dr Mike Davidson, Co-Director, Core Issues Trust, Northern Ireland</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Timothy Dudley-Smith, OBE, former President, Evangelical Alliance; former President, Church of England Evangelical Council; former Bishop of Thetford</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd John Ellison, formerly Bishop of Paraguay; Hon. Assistant Bishop, Winchester</p>
<p>	Mrs Sarah Finch, Member, General Synod, Church of England</p>
<p>	The Lord Bishop of Chester, the Rt Revd Peter Forster, House of Lords</p>
<p>	Dr Robert A. J. Gagnon, Associate Professor of New Testament, Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. Author: &ldquo;The Bible and Homosexual Practice: Texts and Hermeneutics&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Revd Francis Gardom, Hon. Secretary, Cost of Conscience</p>
<p>	Arthur Goldberg, President, PATH (Positive Alternatives to Homosexuality), New Jersey, USA. Author: &ldquo;Light in the Closet: Torah, Homosexuality and the Power to Change&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Regina Griggs, Executive Director, Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays and Gays (PFOX)</p>
<p>	Miriam Grossman MD, psychiatrist and author, Los Angeles, USA. Author: &ldquo;You&#39;re Teaching My Child What?: A Physician Exposes the Lies of Sex Education and How They Harm Your Child&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Janelle M. Hallman LPC, Author: &ldquo;The Heart of Female Same-Sex Attraction&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Dr Julie Hamilton LMFT, President, National Association for Research &amp; Therapy of Homosexuality; Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, California, USA</p>
<p>	Robert Harris, London</p>
<p>	Thaddeus Heffner LMFT, Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Tennessee, USA</p>
<p>	Benjamin Kaufman, MD, Co-founder, National Association for Research &amp; Therapy of Homosexuality, California, USA</p>
<p>	Revd Prof Dale S. Kuehne, The Richard L. Bready Chair in Ethics, Economics, and the Common Good, Saint Anselm College, New Hampshire, USA. Author: &ldquo;Sex and the i World: Rethinking Relationship Beyond an Age of Individualism&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Pastor Peter Loo, Senior Pastor, Emmanuel Evangelical Church, Westminster, London</p>
<p>	Dr Alan Loveless, retired GP, Frome, Somerset</p>
<p>	Mrs Jill Mans, Greater London</p>
<p>	Dr Peter May, retired GP; former Member, General Synod, Church of England</p>
<p>	David Matheson LPC, The Center for Gender Wholeness, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA</p>
<p>	Patricia Morgan, Sociologist. Author: &ldquo;War between the State and the Family&rdquo;</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Michael Nazir-Ali, former Bishop of Rochester; former Member, House of Lords; President, Oxtrad</p>
<p>	Revd Prof John Nolland, Academic Dean, Trinity College, Bristol; Visiting Professor, University of Bristol</p>
<p>	Dr Lisa Nolland, Co-editor: &ldquo;God, Gays and the Church&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Dermot O&rsquo; Callaghan, Member, General Synod, Church of Ireland</p>
<p>	James Parker, EnCourage, London facilitator</p>
<p>	Professor David Paton, Nottingham University Business School</p>
<p>	Baxter Peffer MS NCC, Counsellor, Connecticut, USA </p>
<p>	Revd Paul Perkin, Chair, Fellowship of Confessing Anglicans UK</p>
<p>	David H. Pickup, LMFT, Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, California, USA</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd David Pytches, former Bishop of Chile, Bolivia and Peru</p>
<p>	Revd Charles Raven, Rector, Christ Church Wyre Forest; Director, SPREAD. Author: &ldquo;Shadow Gospel: Rowan Williams and the Anglican Communion Crisis&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Revd Lynda Rose, Trustee, LIFE</p>
<p>	Dr Christopher Rosik, President-Elect, National Association for Research &amp; Therapy of Homosexuality, California, USA</p>
<p>	The Venerable Norman Russell, The Archdeacon of Berkshire. Former Prolocutor, Lower House of the Convocation of Canterbury</p>
<p>	Canon Dr Vinay Samuel, Chairman, Divya Shanthi Trust, Bangalore, India; Exec Secretary, PIM ASIA, Oxford, UK</p>
<p>	Jeffrey Satinover MD PhD, Author: &ldquo;Homosexuality and the Politics of Truth&rdquo;. Former William James Lecturer in Psychology and Religion, Harvard University</p>
<p>	Revd Dr Nigel Scotland, Hon Research Fellow, University of Gloucestershire; Tutor, Trinity College, Bristol</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Michael Scott-Joynt, Former Bishop of Winchester; former Member, House of Lords</p>
<p>	The Rt Revd Maurice Sinclair, Honorary Assistant Bishop of Birmingham, formerly Presiding Bishop of the Southern Cone of America </p>
<p>	David Skinner, Dorset</p>
<p>	Dr Trevor Stammers, Author: &ldquo;Saving Sex&rdquo;. Retired GP</p>
<p>	Canon Dr Chris Sugden, Executive Secretary, Anglican Mainstream. Member, General Synod, Church of England</p>
<p>	Dr. Philip M. Sutton LP LMFT, LCSW, Licensed Psychologist, Marriage and Family Therapist, Licensed Clinical Social Worker; Director, International Federation for Therapeutic Choice, Los Angeles, USA. </p>
<p>	Keith Tiller, Founder-Director, Parakaleo Ministry</p>
<p>	Dr Gerard J.M. van den Aardweg, Psychotherapist, Aerdenhout , Netherlands</p>
<p>	Robert L. Vazzo MMFT, Licensed Marriage &amp; Family Therapist, Los Angeles, California, USA</p>
<p>	Dr Christl Ruth Vonholdt, Director, German Institute for Youth and Society, Reichelsheim, Germany</p>
<p>	Professor William Wagner, Professor of Law; former federal judge in U.S. Courts, former, diplomat</p>
<p>	Canon Nigel Walker, former Chancellor, Anglican Pro Cathedral, Brussels</p>
<p>	Norman Wells, Director, Family Education Trust</p>
<p>	Dr Gordon Wenham, Emeritus Professor, University of Gloucestershire</p>
<p>	Andrea Williams, CEO, Christian Legal Centre and Christian Concern</p>
<p>	Revd Dr Hadden Wilson, Pastor Emeritus, Ballynahinch Baptist Church, Northern Ireland</p>
<p>	Dennis Wrigley, Leader, Maranatha Community</p>
<p>	Rich Wyler, Founder &amp; Director, People Can Change, Ruckersville, Virginia, USA</p>
<p>	Revd Thomas Yap, Anglican Chaplain </p>
<p>	&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>Unstable behaviour</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/30/unstable-behaviour/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/30/unstable-behaviour/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 2012 17:39:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55385</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Peter Saunders, MercatorNet
A leading activist agrees that homosexual preferences are fluid and changing. If so, why do gays need special treatment?
Many people think that homosexuality is a biological characteristic like race or sex &#8211; biologically fixed and genetically determined. They think this because this is the view that has been successfully propagated by the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="Peter Tatchell" height="207" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/tatchell-1(9).jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />By Peter Saunders, MercatorNet</p>
<p><strong>A leading activist agrees that homosexual preferences are fluid and changing. If so, why do gays need special treatment?</strong></p>
<p>Many people think that homosexuality is a biological characteristic like race or sex &ndash; biologically fixed and genetically determined. They think this because this is the view that has been successfully propagated by the gay rights lobby for decades in order to provide a justification for arguing that &lsquo;homophobia&rsquo; is a form of discrimination akin to racism or sexism. </p>
<p>	This belief has also been behind moves to treat discrimination against &#39;practising&#39; homosexuals as a human rights issue by pretending that homosexuals are a biological category like &#39;women&#39; or &#39;Asians&#39; whose distinctive features are genetically determined rather than just a group who have simply made a certain life-style choice.</p>
<p>	But in fact the strength and direction of erotic attraction, although relatively stable in some people, can be quite changeable in others &ndash; it is often not fixed at all. </p>
<p>	Similarly, identical twins often have different sexual orientations proving that, although sexual orientation may have some genetic influences, it is not genetically determined. There is, in other words, no such thing as the gay gene.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.mercatornet.com/articles/view/unstable_behaviour" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.mercatornet.com/articles/view/unstable_behaviour" target="_blank"><br />
	</a></p>
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		<title>Senior clergy back Christian counsellor in &#8216;homosexual treatment trial&#8217;</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/29/senior-clergy-back-christian-counsellor-in-homosexual-treatment-trial/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/29/senior-clergy-back-christian-counsellor-in-homosexual-treatment-trial/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Jan 2012 21:32:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55340</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From Christian Concern
SENIOR churchmen have backed Lesley Pilkington, a Christian Counsellor whose appeal against the decision of her professional body, The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) will be heard this week. Lesley Pilkington is to appeal and seek to have her disciplinary case &#8216;struck out&#8217; on the basis that the original hearing was [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="" height="186" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Pilkington Lesley(4).gif" vspace="2" width="152" />From Christian Concern</p>
<p>SENIOR churchmen have backed Lesley Pilkington, a Christian Counsellor whose appeal against the decision of her professional body, The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) will be heard this week. Lesley Pilkington is to appeal and seek to have her disciplinary case &lsquo;struck out&rsquo; on the basis that the original hearing was unfair, lacked in due process and discriminated against her Christian faith.</p>
<p>	Lesley Pilkington is an experienced counsellor and has, in effect, been barred from her professional register after attempting to assist a homosexual client in a therapy session at her clinic at home. Her client/patientwas actually a &lsquo;gay rights activist/journalist&rsquo; and deliberately misled the counsellor by secretly recording the sessions. He then reported her to her professional body. Mrs Pilkington was subsequently found guilty of professional misconduct &ndash; despite the claimant&rsquo;s recordings not being properly disclosed or scrutinised and her world-class expert witness, being refused permission to give evidence on the issue of &#39;change therapy&#39;. Her expert witness, Dr Dean Byrd, also received threats and nuisance telephone calls which were reported to the Police.</p>
<p>[...]&nbsp; Andrea Williams, Director of CLC said: &ldquo;Lesley Pilkington has been the subject of an ongoing, premeditated attack by a homosexual activist whose aim was to remove her from her profession and to make a political point. Her professional body has failed to protect her. She has not had a fair trial and all attempts at making her case have been thwarted. It is time to stand up to a militant homosexual lobby who are unable to tolerate difference of opinion and who seek to coerce behaviour and thought.&rdquo;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.christianconcern.com/press-release/senior-clergy-back-christian-counsellor-in-homosexual-treatment-trial" target="_blank">Read here<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	</a>Read also: <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2093646/Former-Archbishop-Canterbury-senior-clerics-therapist-row-gay-conversion.html?ito=feeds-newsxml" target="_blank">Former Archbishop of Canterbury and senior clerics back therapist in row on &#39;gay conversion&#39;</a> by Steve Doughty, Mailonline</p>
<p>Pink News coverage <a href="http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/01/30/ex-archbishop-of-canterbury-backs-gay-cure-therapist/" target="_blank">here</a> and comments <a href="http://www.pinknews.co.uk/?comments_popup=26928" target="_blank">here</a></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;<br />
	&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>Lord Carey backs Christian psychotherapist in &#8216;gay conversion&#8217; row</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/28/lord-carey-backs-christian-psychotherapist-in-gay-conversion-row/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/28/lord-carey-backs-christian-psychotherapist-in-gay-conversion-row/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Jan 2012 21:57:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55317</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Robert Mendick, Telegraph
Leading church figures including the former Archbishop of Canterbury have sparked controversy by championing a psychotherapist who believes gay men can be &#39;cured&#39; of their homosexuality.
Lesley Pilkington was effectively barred from her professional register after attempting to convert a homosexual man in a therapy session at her home.
	&#160;
	Her patient turned out to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="Lesley Pilkington" height="186" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Pilkington Lesley(3).gif" vspace="2" width="152" />By Robert Mendick, Telegraph</p>
<p>Leading church figures including the former Archbishop of Canterbury have sparked controversy by championing a psychotherapist who believes gay men can be &#39;cured&#39; of their homosexuality.</p>
<p>Lesley Pilkington was effectively barred from her professional register after attempting to convert a homosexual man in a therapy session at her home.<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	Her patient turned out to be a gay rights journalist, who had secretly recorded the sessions and then reported her to her professional body. Mrs Pilkington, a committed Christian, was subsequently found guilty of professional misconduct.<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	The therapy practised by Mrs Pilkington had been described as &quot;absurd&quot; by the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and roundly condemned by the Royal College of Psychiatrists.<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	But ahead of her appeal against the BACP ruling, Mrs Pilkington has received backing from the Rt Rev Lord Carey, the former Archbishop of Canterbury.<br />
	&nbsp;<br />
	In a letter to her professional body, Lord Carey &ndash; along with a number of senior figures &ndash; suggests Mrs Pilkington is herself a victim of entrapment whose therapy should be supported.</p>
<p>His comments &ndash; in a letter co-signed by, among others, the Rt Rev Michael Nazir-Ali, the former Bishop of Rochester and the Rt Rev Wallace Benn, the Bishop of Lewes &ndash; will cause controversy in the gay community and beyond.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/9046487/Lord-Carey-backs-Christian-psychotherapist-in-gay-conversion-row.html" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
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		<title>NARTH Statement on Sexual Orientation Change</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/27/narth-statement-on-sexual-orientation-change/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/27/narth-statement-on-sexual-orientation-change/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Jan 2012 19:03:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55271</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From NARTH
Current discussions of homosexual sexual orientation change are unavoidably occurring within a sociopolitical climate that makes nonpartisan scientific inquiry of this subject very difficult. In light of this reality, a few considerations are crucial for accurately understanding the sometimes contradictory opinions regarding the possibility of sexual orientation change. First and foremost, it is important [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="" height="140" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/narth(8).jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />From <a href="http://narth.com/" target="_blank">NARTH</a></p>
<p>Current discussions of homosexual sexual orientation change are unavoidably occurring within a sociopolitical climate that makes nonpartisan scientific inquiry of this subject very difficult. In light of this reality, a few considerations are crucial for accurately understanding the sometimes contradictory opinions regarding the possibility of sexual orientation change. First and foremost, it is important to recognize that how change is conceptualized has vast implications for our thinking about change. Some of the more ardent proponents and opponents of homosexual sexual orientation change may view change in strictly categorical terms, where change is an all-or-nothing experience. Proponents and opponents with this view differ only in the direction of their desired outcome. Proponents of change understood in categorical terms may view a homosexual sexual orientation as a lifestyle choice that merely needs to be renounced. Opponents who take this viewpoint, on the other hand, may conceive of sexual orientation as essentially hard wired and simply not modifiable. NARTH does not support either of these perspectives.</p>
<p>	NARTH believes that much of the expressed pessimism regarding sexual orientation change is a consequence of individuals intentionally or inadvertently adopting a categorical conceptualization of change. When change is viewed in absolute terms, then any future experience of same-sex attraction (or any other challenge), however fleeting or diminished, is considered a refutation of change. Such assertions likely reflect an underlying categorical view of change, probably grounded in an essentialist view of homosexual sexual orientation that assumes same-sex attractions are the natural and immutable essence of a person. What needs to be remembered is that the de-legitimizing of change solely on the basis of a categorical view of change is virtually unparalleled for any challenge in the psychiatric literature. For example, applying a categorical standard for change would mean that any subsequent reappearance of depressive mood following treatment for depression should be viewed as an invalidation of significant and genuine change, no matter how infrequently depressive symptoms reoccur or how diminished in intensity they are if subsequently re-experienced. Similar arguments could be made for any number of conditions, including grief, alcoholism, or marital distress. The point is not to equate these conditions with homosexuality, but rather to highlight the inconsistency of applying the categorical standard only to reported changes in unwanted same-sex attractions.&nbsp;</p>
<p><span id="more-55271"></span><br />
	Rather than pigeonholing homosexual sexual orientation change into categorical terms, NARTH believes that it is far more helpful and accurate to conceptualize such change as occurring on a continuum. This is in fact how sexual orientation is defined in most modern research, starting with the well known Kinsey scales, even as subsequent findings pertinent to change are often described in categorical terms. NARTH affirms that some individuals who seek care for unwanted same-sex attractions do report categorical change of sexual orientation. Moreover, NARTH acknowledges that others have reported no change. However, the experience of NARTH clinicians suggests that the majority of individuals who report unwanted same-sex attractions and pursue psychological care will be best served by conceptualizing change as occurring on a continuum, with many being able to achieve sustained shifts in the direction and intensity of their sexual attractions, fantasy, and arousal that they consider to be satisfying and meaningful. NARTH believes that a profound disservice is done to those with unwanted same-sex attractions by characterizing such shifts in sexual attractions as a denial of their authentic (and gay) personhood or a change in identity labeling alone. Attempts to invalidate all reports of such shifts by presuming they are not grounded in actual experience insults the integrity of these individuals and posits wishful thinking on an untenably massive scale.</p>
<p>Finally, it also needs to be observed that reports on the potential for sexual orientation change may be unduly pessimistic based on the confounding factor of type of intervention. Most of the recent research on homosexual sexual orientation change has focused on religiously mediated outcomes which may differ significantly from outcomes derived through professional psychological care. It is not unreasonable to anticipate that the probability of change would be greater with informed psychotherapeutic care, although definitive answers to this question await further research. NARTH remains highly interested in conducting such research, pursuant only to the acquisition of sufficient funding.&nbsp;</p>
<p>	To summarize, then, those who are highly pessimistic regarding change in sexual orientation appear to have assumed a categorical view of change, which is neither in keeping with how sexual orientation has been defined in the literature nor with how change is conceptualized for nearly all other psychological challenges. NARTH believes that viewing change as occurring on a continuum is a preferable therapeutic approach and more likely to create realistic expectancies among consumers of change-oriented intervention. With this in mind, NARTH remains committed to protecting the rights of clients with unwanted same-sex attractions to pursue change as well as the rights of clinicians to provide such psychological care.</p>
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		<title>Peter Tatchell comes clean that homosexuality is neither biologically determined nor fixed</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/27/peter-tatchell-comes-clean-that-homosexuality-is-neither-biologically-determined-nor-fixed/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/27/peter-tatchell-comes-clean-that-homosexuality-is-neither-biologically-determined-nor-fixed/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Jan 2012 18:35:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature/Nurture]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55261</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Peter Saunders, CMF
Many people think that homosexuality is a biological characteristic like race or sex &#8211; biologically fixed and genetically determined. 
	They think this because this is the view that has been successfully propagated by the gay rights lobby for decades in order to provide a justification for arguing that &#8216;homophobia&#8217; is a form [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="Peter Tatchell" height="125" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Tatchell peter(2).jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />By Peter Saunders, CMF</p>
<p>Many people think that homosexuality is a biological characteristic like race or sex &ndash; biologically fixed and genetically determined. </p>
<p>	They think this because this is the view that has been successfully propagated by the gay rights lobby for decades in order to provide a justification for arguing that &lsquo;homophobia&rsquo; is a form of discrimination akin to racism or sexism. </p>
<p>	This belief has also been behind moves to treat discrimination against &#39;practising&#39; homosexuals as a human rights issue by pretending that homosexuals are a biological category like &#39;women&#39; or &#39;asians&#39; whose distinctive features are genetically determined rather than just a group who have simply made a certain life-style choice.</p>
<p>	But in fact the strength and direction of erotic attraction, although relatively stable in some people, can be quite changeable in others &ndash; it is often not fixed at all. </p>
<p>	Similarly identical twins often have different sexual orientations proving that, although sexual orientation may have some genetic influences, it is not genetically determined. There is, in other words, no such thing as the gay gene.</p>
<p><a href="http://pjsaunders.blogspot.com/2012/01/peter-tatchell-comes-clean-that.html#comment-form" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
<p><a href="http://pjsaunders.blogspot.com/2012/01/peter-tatchell-comes-clean-that.html#comment-form" target="_blank"><br />
	&nbsp;</a></p>
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		<title>Pastor Jim Reynolds to visit St John&#8217;s Tunbridge Wells</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/27/pastor-jim-reynolds-to-visit-st-johns-tunbridge-wells/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/27/pastor-jim-reynolds-to-visit-st-johns-tunbridge-wells/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Jan 2012 11:55:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Chris Sugden</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Church life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55251</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[On Sunday the pastor, who has links to a controversial body called the Core Issues Trust, is due to be a guest preacher at St John&#39;s Church. The trust has enraged the gay community with its approach to homosexuality within society, including recommending therapy to change sexual orientation. Gay churchgoer Patrick Gillan, 56, from Knights [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="Jim Reynolds" height="173" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Reynolds Jim.jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />On Sunday the pastor, who has links to a controversial body called the Core Issues Trust, is due to be a guest preacher at St John&#39;s Church. The trust has enraged the gay community with its approach to homosexuality within society, including recommending therapy to change sexual orientation. Gay churchgoer Patrick Gillan, 56, from Knights Close in Pembury, objected to the planned appearance, saying: &quot;Dr Reynolds is obviously involved with Core Issues, which is already a controversial organisation. &quot;My main concern with Core Issues is that they are involved with therapy of some sorts and there is no explanation as to what this is.&quot;My fear is that the church will buy into this programme.&quot;</p>
<p>Dr Reynolds has insisted he just wants to improve relations between the church and the gay community. But Mr Gillan was sceptical, saying: &quot;You don&#39;t come all the way from America to a church in Tunbridge Wells to tell Christians how to love a homosexual.&quot;</p>
<p>Vicar of St John&#39;s Church Giles Walter said: &quot;Dr Reynolds had a free slot in his programme and we were asked whether we would like him to be our preacher this Sunday morning, and we said that we would be. &quot;We are certainly aware of his link with the Core Issues Trust and we will listen carefully to what he has to say.&quot;</p>
<p>	Read <a href="http://www.thisiskent.co.uk/Controversial-pastor-visit/story-15052551-detail/story.html">here</a></p>
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		<title>Quebecers launch first group to help people with unwanted same-sex attraction</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/24/quebecers-launch-first-group-to-help-people-with-unwanted-same-sex-attraction/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/24/quebecers-launch-first-group-to-help-people-with-unwanted-same-sex-attraction/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2012 22:55:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55191</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Patrick B Craine, LifeSite News
As governments, celebrities, and activist groups declare &#8220;gay is good&#8221; to stave off teen suicides, some brave souls in Quebec are breaking ground as they launch the first group in the province dedicated to helping men and women overcome unwanted same-sex attractions.
Michel Lizotte, the journalist who founded Ta Vie Ton [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By Patrick B Craine, LifeSite News</p>
<p>As governments, celebrities, and activist groups declare &ldquo;gay is good&rdquo; to stave off teen suicides, some brave souls in Quebec are breaking ground as they launch the first group in the province dedicated to helping men and women overcome unwanted same-sex attractions.</p>
<p>Michel Lizotte, the journalist who founded <em><a href="http://tavietonchoix.org/">Ta Vie Ton Choix</a></em>, said bullying is not the only reason that those inclined to homosexuality consider suicide. &ldquo;Some of these people who did their coming out and experienced the gay lifestyle, are feeling so bad after a while that they have suicidal ideas,&rdquo; he told LifeSiteNews. &ldquo;They will make suicidal attempts and they will commit suicide.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Lizotte&rsquo;s group, which launched a website in October at <a href="http://tavietonchoix.org/">TaVieTonChoix.org</a>, aims to connect those hoping to overcome their unwanted attractions, refer them to competent therapists, and offer sound &#8211; but often ignored &#8211; scientific information on same-sex attraction.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/quebecers-launch-first-group-to-help-people-with-unwanted-same-sex-attracti/" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
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		<title>Activist encouraged by homosexuality event</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/24/activist-encouraged-by-homosexuality-event/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/24/activist-encouraged-by-homosexuality-event/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2012 09:16:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55177</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From News Letter
A LEADING gay rights campaigner who attended a controversial Christian conference on homosexuality in Belfast at the weekend says there was a significant difference between how the event was initially perceived compared to the actual reality of its content.
	The title of the conference, &#8220;The Lepers Among Us: Homosexuality and the Life of the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>From News Letter</p>
<p><strong><img align="right" alt="" height="225" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Book Lepers among us(1).jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />A LEADING gay rights campaigner who attended a controversial Christian conference on homosexuality in Belfast at the weekend says there was a significant difference between how the event was initially perceived compared to the actual reality of its content.</strong></p>
<p>	The title of the conference, &ldquo;The Lepers Among Us: Homosexuality and the Life of the Church&rdquo;, caused heated debate last week across the Province, with some gay rights activists saying they found it hugely offensive.</p>
<p>	However, chairman of the Northern Ireland Gay Rights Association, PA MagLochlainn, attended the conference to find out first hand what it was about. </p>
<p>	The event was organised by Northern Ireland group, Core Issues, and took place at Orangefield Presbyterian Church.</p>
<p>	Mr MagLochlainn said there was a huge difference between &ldquo;the perception and reality&rdquo; of the conference message. Its title came from a book by the keynote speaker, the Rev Jim Reynolds, a pastor and lawyer from Texas.</p>
<p>	Mr MagLochlainn said: &ldquo;Rev Reynolds was arguing that churches must offer a much more welcoming approach to gay people. The conference had a panel on Friday with a representative of the gay perspective sitting on it, which was most welcome to see.&rdquo;</p>
<p>	Referring to Rev Reynolds, Mr MagLochlainn said: &ldquo;I really liked the guy.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/local/activist_encouraged_by_homosexuality_event_1_3448034" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/local/activist_encouraged_by_homosexuality_event_1_3448034" target="_blank"><br />
	</a></p>
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		<title>Video: Luca was gay</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/22/video-luca-was-gay/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/22/video-luca-was-gay/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Jan 2012 09:18:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55130</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The powerful music video for the ex-gay song that shook the pop music world. Italian star Povia tells the story of his friend Luca, who once saw himself as gay, but turned to reparative therapy and found healing and wholeness by digging deep within himself and facing the traumas of his past.

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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The powerful music video for the ex-gay song that shook the pop music world. Italian star Povia tells the story of his friend Luca, who once saw himself as gay, but turned to reparative therapy and found healing and wholeness by digging deep within himself and facing the traumas of his past.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/noCoeF1cC8M" width="420"></iframe></p>
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		<title>Same-Sex Science</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/21/same-sex-science/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/21/same-sex-science/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Jan 2012 15:56:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Morality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55120</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Stanton L&#160;Jones, First Things
The social sciences cannot settle the moral status of homosexuality. 
	Many religious and social conservatives believe that homosexuality is a mental illness caused exclusively by psychological or spiritual factors and that all homosexual persons could change their orientation if they simply tried hard enough. This view is widely pilloried (and rightly [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By Stanton L&nbsp;Jones, First <strong>Things</strong></p>
<p><strong>The social sciences cannot settle the moral status of homosexuality. </strong></p>
<p>	Many religious and social conservatives believe that homosexuality is a mental illness caused exclusively by psychological or spiritual factors and that all homosexual persons could change their orientation if they simply tried hard enough. This view is widely pilloried (and rightly so) as both wrong on the facts and harmful in effect. But few who attack it are willing to acknowledge that today a wholly different, far more influential, and no less harmful set of falsehoods&mdash;each attributed to the findings of &ldquo;science&rdquo;&mdash;dominates the research literature and political discourse.</p>
<p>	We are told that homosexual persons are just as psychologically healthy as heterosexuals, that sexual orientation is biologically determined at birth, that sexual orientation cannot be changed and that the attempt to change it is necessarily harmful, that homosexual relationships are equivalent to heterosexual ones in all important characteristics, and that personal identity is properly and legitimately constituted around sexual orientation. These claims are as misguided as the ridiculed beliefs of some social conservatives, as they spring from distorted or incomplete representations of the best findings from the science of same-sex attraction.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.firstthings.com/article/2012/01/same-sex-science" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.firstthings.com/article/2012/01/same-sex-science" target="_blank"></p>
<p>
	</a></p>
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		<title>Confessions of a recovering lesbian</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/20/confessions-of-a-recovering-lesbian/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/20/confessions-of-a-recovering-lesbian/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Jan 2012 21:37:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=55063</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Dawn Wilde, LifeSite News
January 20, 2012 (Catholicsistas.com) &#8211; One of the most controversial teachings of Catholicism is its teaching on homosexuality. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church:

Basing itself on Sacred Scripture, which presents homosexual acts as acts of grave depravity, tradition has always declared that &#8220;homosexual acts are intrinsically disordered.&#8221; They are [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By Dawn Wilde, LifeSite News</p>
<p>January 20, 2012 (<a href="http://www.catholicsistas.com/">Catholicsistas.com</a>) &#8211; One of the most controversial teachings of Catholicism is its teaching on homosexuality. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Basing itself on Sacred Scripture, which presents homosexual acts as acts of grave depravity, tradition has always declared that &ldquo;homosexual acts are intrinsically disordered.&rdquo; They are contrary to the natural law. They close the sexual act to the gift of life. They do not proceed from a genuine affective and sexual complementarity. Under no circumstances can they be approved. (2357)</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For most of us, this teaching is challenging, especially if someone we love is gay or lesbian. But what if <em>you</em> are the Catholic struggling with these desires? Is it possible to be faithful to the Church&rsquo;s teachings and still be happy?</p>
<p>Yes, it is.</p>
<p>I am a 37-year-old Catholic woman who has been happily married for nearly 15 years. We have five children that I homeschool. I also struggle daily with same-sex attraction.</p>
<div><a href="http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/confessions-of-a-recovering-lesbian" target="_blank">Read here&nbsp;</a></div>
<div>
<div>Read also: <a href="http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/confessions-of-a-recovering-lesbian-an-interview-with-dawn-wilde" target="_blank">An inverview with Dawn Wilde</a></div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
</div>
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		<title>Declaration On The Torah Approach To Homosexuality</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/19/declaration-on-the-torah-approach-to-homosexuality-2/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/19/declaration-on-the-torah-approach-to-homosexuality-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Jan 2012 11:55:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Faith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Religious Liberty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=54989</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
The Torah Declaration is a public statement signed by 180 Rabbis, Community Leaders, and Mental Health Professionals
	Societal Developments On Homosexuality
	There has been a monumental shift in the secular world&#8217;s attitude towards homosexuality over the past few decades. In particular over the past fifteen years there has been a major public campaign to gain acceptance for [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><iframe allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" id="twttrHubFrame" name="twttrHubFrame" scrolling="no" src="http://platform.twitter.com/widgets/hub.1326407570.html" style="top: -9999em; width: 10px; height: 10px; position: absolute;" tabindex="0"></iframe></p>
<p><img align="right" alt="" height="207" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Torah.jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />The Torah Declaration is a public statement signed by 180 Rabbis, Community Leaders, and Mental Health Professionals<strong></p>
<p>	Societal Developments On Homosexuality</strong></p>
<p>	There has been a monumental shift in the secular world&rsquo;s attitude towards homosexuality over the past few decades. In particular over the past fifteen years there has been a major public campaign to gain acceptance for homosexuality. Legalizing same-sex marriage has become the end goal of the campaign to equate homosexuality with heterosexuality.</p>
<p>	A propaganda blitz has been sweeping the world using political tactics to persuade the public about the legitimacy of homosexuality. The media is rife with negative labels implying that one is &ldquo;hateful&rdquo; or &ldquo;homophobic&rdquo; if they do not accept the homosexual lifestyle as legitimate. This political coercion has silenced many into acquiescence. Unfortunately this attitude has seeped into the Torah community and many have become confused or have accepted the media&rsquo;s portrayal of this issue.<strong></p>
<p>	The Torah&rsquo;s Unequivocal And Eternal Message</strong></p>
<p>	The Torah makes a clear statement that homosexuality is not an acceptable lifestyle or a genuine identity by severely prohibiting its conduct. Furthermore, the Torah, ever prescient about negative secular influences, warns us in Vayikra (Leviticus) 20:23 &ldquo;Do not follow the traditions of the nations that I expel from before you&hellip;&rdquo; Particularly the Torah writes this in regards to homosexuality and other forbidden sexual liaisons.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.torahdec.org/" target="_blank">Read here</a></p>
<p>Read also:&nbsp; <a href="http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/01/18/dutch-chief-rabbi-suspended-over-gay-cure-declaration/" target="_blank">Amsterdam&rsquo;s chief rabbi suspended over gay cure declaration</a></p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>My Take: The Bible really does condemn homosexuality</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/19/my-take-the-bible-really-does-condemn-homosexuality/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/19/my-take-the-bible-really-does-condemn-homosexuality/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Jan 2012 11:42:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bible]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=54984</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Robert A J Gagnon, CNN Belief
&#160;
In her recent CNN Belief Blog post &#8220;The Bible&#8217;s surprisingly mixed messages on sexuality,&#8221; Jennifer Wright Knust claims that Christians can&#8217;t appeal to the Bible to justify opposition to homosexual practice because the Bible provides no clear witness on the subject and is too flawed to serve as a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><img align="right" alt="Robert Gagnon" height="86" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Gagnon.jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />By Robert A J Gagnon, CNN Belief</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>In her recent CNN Belief Blog post <a href="http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/09/my-take-the-bible%E2%80%99s-surprisingly-mixed-messages-on-sexuality/" target="_blank"><u><font color="#0000ff">&ldquo;The Bible&rsquo;s surprisingly mixed messages on sexuality,&rdquo;</font></u></a> Jennifer Wright Knust claims that Christians can&rsquo;t appeal to the Bible to justify opposition to homosexual practice because the Bible provides no clear witness on the subject and is too flawed to serve as a moral guide.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>As a scholar who has written books and articles on the Bible and homosexual practice, I can say that the reality is the opposite of her claim. It&rsquo;s shocking that in her editorial and even her book, &quot;<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Unprotected-Texts-Bibles-Surprising-Contradictions/dp/0061725587/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1297906779&amp;sr=1-1" target="_blank"><u><font color="#0000ff">Unprotected Texts</font></u></a>,&quot; Knust ignores a mountain of evidence against her positions.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>It raises a serious question: does the Left read significant works that disagree with pro-gay interpretations of Scripture and choose to simply ignore them?</div>
<div>Owing to space limitations I will focus on her two key arguments: the ideal of gender-neutral humanity and slavery arguments.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div><a href="http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/03/my-take-the-bible-really-does-condemn-homosexuality/" target="_blank">Read here</a></div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
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		<title>Cleric weighs into Church of Ireland gay debate</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/18/cleric-weighs-into-church-of-ireland-gay-debate/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/18/cleric-weighs-into-church-of-ireland-gay-debate/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:06:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Church Of Ireland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=54918</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From Belfast Gazette
A lesbian couple in the US have told the Church of Ireland that there are more important issues it should be concerned about than same-sex relationships. 
	Writing in a supplement for the Church&#39;s magazine, Rev Jan Nunley and her partner Susan Erdey argue that no-one would question their relationship if one of them [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="" height="149" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/Church%20of%20Ireland(14).jpg" vspace="2" width="130" />From Belfast Gazette</p>
<p>A lesbian couple in the US have told the Church of Ireland that there are more important issues it should be concerned about than same-sex relationships. </p>
<p>	Writing in a supplement for the Church&#39;s magazine, Rev Jan Nunley and her partner Susan Erdey argue that no-one would question their relationship if one of them was male. </p>
<p>	[...]&nbsp; The Church of Ireland Gazette&#39;s special supplement on same-sex relationships intends to inform debate on the issue as it prepares for a conference on human sexuality next month and a crucial General Synod debate in May. </p>
<p>	Gazette editor Canon Ian Ellis said: &quot;The supplement is intended as a contribution to the wider discussion on same-sex relationships. It is a difficult debate, as our extensive letter correspondence has shown, but it is one that simply must take place. There has to be a mutual understanding.&quot;</p>
<p>	It also contains an article by an abstaining gay male who is a member of the Church of Ireland, and conservative Anglican Rev Melanie Lacy. <a href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/northern-ireland/cleric-weighs-into-church-of-ireland-gay-debate-16105093.html" target="_blank"></p>
<p>	Read here</a></p>
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		<title>&#8220;Genetic Essentialism&#8221; and Sexual Orientation: Why Genetic Explanations are Often Misleading</title>
		<link>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/17/genetic-essentialism-and-sexual-orientation-why-genetic-explanations-are-often-misleading/</link>
		<comments>http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2012/01/17/genetic-essentialism-and-sexual-orientation-why-genetic-explanations-are-often-misleading/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jan 2012 21:14:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jill</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Homosexuality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature/Nurture]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/?p=54916</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From NARTH
People view genetically influenced outcomes as inescapable and predestined. They tend to forget the important influences of free will and environment. Furthermore, they often view the genetically influenced outcome as natural, and may assume the &#34;naturalistic fallacy,&#34; where ethical properties (i.e., the moral &#34;ought&#34; or &#34;good&#34;) are erroneously presumed to flow from natural properties [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="right" alt="" height="140" hspace="5" src="http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/wp-content/uploads/narth(7).jpg" vspace="2" width="150" />From NARTH</p>
<div>People view genetically influenced outcomes as inescapable and predestined. They tend to forget the important influences of free will and environment. Furthermore, they often view the genetically influenced outcome as natural, and may assume the &quot;naturalistic fallacy,&quot; where ethical properties (i.e., the moral &quot;ought&quot; or &quot;good&quot;) are erroneously presumed to flow from natural properties (i.e., the &quot;is,&quot; or mere fact of existing). A recent analysis by Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011a) offer cautions that pertain to genetically influenced conditions including homosexuality.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Reviewed by Christopher H. Rosik, Ph.D.</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>A recent article published in the highly esteemed journal Psychological Bulletin (Dar-Nimrod &amp; Heine, 2011a) addressed the timely subject of the psychological effects of considering genetic foundations to human nature.&nbsp; The article and invited responses considered the effects such genetic explanations have for a number of areas, which are worth reading on their own right, but this review will of necessity focus on the authors&#39; discussion of the genetic foundations of sexual orientation.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Psychological Essentialism</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>The authors begin their discussion by asserting that human beings tend to &quot;essentialize&quot; certain entities that they encounter.&nbsp; That is, they perceive &quot;natural&quot; categories to living organisms that make them what they are.&nbsp; The authors note, &quot;People demonstrate psychological essentialism when they perceive an elementary nature or essence, which is underlying, deep, and unobserved, that causes natural entities to be what they are by generating the apparent shared characteristics of the members of a particular category&quot; (p. 801).&nbsp; People rely on presumed essences and assume essentialist judgments when they attempt to understand the behavior of social groups.&nbsp; Dar-Nimrod and Heine postulate that psychological essentialism is likely to be a universal aspect of human functioning.&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div><span id="more-54916"></span></div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>Although the essence of any category is not observable, people use &quot;essence placeholders&quot; to overcome the abstractness of the essence.&nbsp; The authors contend &quot;&#8230;that &#39;genes&#39; (or at least the way that most laypeople conceive of genes) often serve as the placeholder for this imagined essence, and this has important implications regarding how individuals respond when they encounter genetic information about people&quot; (p. 801).&nbsp; The defining elements of psychological essentialism (namely viewing a characteristic as immutable, fundamental, homogenous, discrete, and natural) are similar to the common lay perception of genes.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Genetic Essentialism Defined</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>Dar-Nimrod and Heine define genetic essentialism as, &quot;The tendency to infer a person&#39;s characteristics and behaviors from his or her perceived genetic makeup&quot; (p. 801).&nbsp; They further assert that genetic essentialism reduces the self to a molecular entity, effectively equating all the social, historical, and moral complexity of human beings with their genes.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>The authors offer four consequences of genetic essentialism:</div>
<div>&nbsp;<br />
	It may lead people to view outcomes as immutable and determined, unfolding according to some fixed underlying genetic process that are assumed to be largely independent of environmental influences and beyond individuals&#39; control.&nbsp; Consequently, people view genetically influenced outcomes as inescapable and predestined.</div>
<div>
	It may lead people to view the relevant genes as entailing the fundamental cause of the condition.&nbsp; The perception of a genetic foundation thus leads people to devalue the role of environmental and experiential factors.&nbsp;</div>
<div>
	It may lead to people viewing groups that share a genetic foundation as being homogenous and discrete.&nbsp; All members of a group that share a genetic essence have the potential to possess the associated condition and that condition is not expected to be observed in those who do not share the underlying genetic foundation.</div>
<div>
	It causes people to view the outcome as natural, and, in some domains, this may prompt the naturalistic fallacy, which results in the associated outcomes being perceived as more morally acceptable.&nbsp; Here ethical properties (i.e., the moral &quot;ought&quot; or &quot;good&quot;) are erroneously derived from presumed natural properties (i.e., the natural &quot;is&quot; or fact of existing).</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>The authors observe that the naturalistic fallacy has benefited gays and lesbians but worked against criminals and the obese, since this fallacy emerges most strongly when outcomes are associated with behaviors that are seen as voluntary.&nbsp; Thus, perceiving homosexuality as natural leads to greater acceptance of same-sex behavior, while the opposite is true for criminal behavior or obesity.</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>Overall, these four biases lead people to attend more to genetic causes of a condition at the expense of considering environment, experience, or gene-environment interactions. Thus, genetic essentialist biases likely result in people giving more weight to genetic contributions than is justified.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Strong and Weak Genetic Explanations</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>Dar-Nimrod and Heine assert that genetic essentialism reflects a biased and often undesirable response to understanding genetic information.&nbsp; They describe &quot;strong genetic explanations&quot; as valid when genes influence phenotypes through major biochemical pathways that can be measured and understood, as is the cases for monogenic diseases such as Huntington&#39;s disease or cystic fibrosis.&nbsp; However, since genotype-phenotype relationships are usually complex, it has to be kept in mind that monogenic diseases account for only about 2% of genetic-based diseases.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>On the other hand, the authors indicate that, &quot;Much of the ways that genes relate to human conditions can be described as weak genetic explanations&quot; (p. 802).&nbsp; Here the condition has a genetic influence or basis (i.e., heritability &gt; 0) yet the mechanisms that transmit it are mostly unknown or are unknowable.&nbsp; Almost all human behaviors are heritable in this manner, including voting behavior, cigarette smoking, and divorce.&nbsp; But since the nature-nurture interaction is typically complex for human phenomena and since these complexities are difficult to communicate and understand, all genetic explanations are viewed by many people as being strong genetic explanations.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Genetic Essentialism and Sexual Orientatio</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>The authors examine the subject of sexual orientation as an example of how a political debate can hinge on the proposed existence of relevant genes.&nbsp; They discuss Hamer, et al.&#39;s (1993) claim to have found a genetic marker (Xq28) that partly accounted for male homosexuality.&nbsp; They observe that the public reaction to this study provides a case study in genetic essentialism.&nbsp; The study led to media responses proclaiming a lack of choice in adopting a homosexual lifestyle as well as eugenics concerns such as elective abortions for &quot;suspected&quot; fetuses.&nbsp; Dar-Nimrod Heine observe,</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Both reactions underscore how an immutable causal relationship between genes and homosexuality was perceived.&nbsp; The same kind of essentialist reactions did not follow, for example, psychoanalytic propositions that overbearing mothers and detached, cold fathers may be responsible for homosexual tendencies, although infants&#39; conscious control over these kinds of parental behaviors is arguably no greater than their control over their genes.&nbsp; Again, this is evidence that genetic arguments lead to qualitatively different reactions than environmental ones (p. 806).&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>The authors also note the connection between perceived genetic origin and reduced prejudice toward homosexuals.&nbsp; They comment that, &quot;This relationship between a perceived genetic foundation and tolerance toward homosexuals demonstrates how genetic essentialism can lead to the naturalistic fallacy in some domains&#8230;.Apparently, behaviors with moral implications lose their moral force if people view those behaviors as beyond the individual&#39;s volition&quot; (p. 806).&nbsp; While a reduction of negative evaluations of gay and lesbian persons is a potentially positive feature of genetic essentialism, the authors also sound a cautionary note since political contexts tend to be dynamic: &quot;Given potential scientific advances (e.g., identification of genetic markers that may relate to homosexuality) or a change in political climate, the association that currently acts as a positive moderator of prejudice toward homosexuals could one day be used as grounds for eugenic practices&quot; (p. 806).</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>Although the expression of genes for most human traits and behaviors-including those associated with homosexuality&#8211;is dependent on the presence of certain environmental variables and interactions with other genes, genetic arguments activate people&#39;s essentialist biases.&nbsp; This, in turn, can provide them with seemingly unassailable materialistic explanations for why people act in the ways that they do.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Genetic Essentialism and the Media</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>The media is singled out by Dar-Nimrod and Heine for contributing to the spread of genetic essentialism, although they also lay some blame at the feet of the researchers themselves.&nbsp; As far as the media is concerned, the authors offer several reasons why the media are complicit in making genes appear to play a more central role than the data actually suggest.&nbsp; Research findings that portray genes as a cause of behaviors often receive far more coverage than compared with later disconfirmations.&nbsp; In addition, the media consistently provide an overly simplified picture of genetic research, dubbed the &quot;one gene-one disease&quot; (OGOD) concept, where a one-to-one deterministic relationship between a specific gene and a specific trait is offered (i.e., a strong genetic explanation).&nbsp; Another example not mentioned by the authors may be the media&#39;s propensity to equate opponents of same-sex marriage to those who opposed mixed race marriage.&nbsp; Equating the etiologically complex phenomenon of homosexuality with the genetically determined trait of race very effectively serves to evoke essentialist biases.</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>Researchers, who are competing for media attention and grant funding, can also contribute to genetic essentialism in communicating about their work in ways that resonate with people&#39;s essentialist biases (e.g., suggesting OGOD relationships or affording a sense of agency to genes by describing them as &quot;selfish&quot; or &quot;wanting&quot;). The result of these portrayals, according to the authors, is that &quot;&#8230;people who gain their knowledge of genetics largely through the media are likely to conceive of genetic influences in overly deterministic, immutable, and ultimately erroneous ways&quot; (p. 812).</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>By way of conclusions, Dar-Nimrod and Heine assert that in a variety of domains, including sexual orientation, attributions go beyond the scientific evidence, with weak genetic explanations being interpreted as strong genetic explanations.&nbsp; This is the unfortunate legacy of genetic essentialism.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Biogenetic and Neuroessentialism</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>The first response to Dar-Nimrod and Heine came from Haslam (2011), who generally approved of the genetic essentialism treatise yet wanted to extend it to the biological and neurological realms.&nbsp; Haslam examined the relationship of stigma to such essentialism in mental disorders and drew three conclusions:</div>
<div>&nbsp;<br />
	Biogenetic explanations are generally associated with greater desired social distance from people with such disorders.<br />
	The only dimension of stigma that biogenetic explanations consistently reduce is perceived blame and personal responsibility.&nbsp; However, explanations that diminish the perceived personal responsibility of affected persons may have the unfortunate side effect of leaving them passive in the face of their own recovery.</div>
<div>
	These mixed effects of biogentic explanation on stigma make sense in light of psychological essentialism.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Expanding on his third point, Haslam observes that, &quot;Explanations that draw deep distinctions between kinds of people would be expected to promote social distance, explanations that invoke unchanging identities would be expected to yield pessimism about change, and explanations that refer to causes that are beyond personal control would be expected to attenuate blame but amplify fears of uncontrollable behavior&quot; (p. 821).&nbsp; While Haslam does not directly address sexual orientation in this context, his discussion does raise interesting questions about the extent to which the employment of strong genetic and biological explanations might promote social distance, create heightened pessimism regarding the modification of same-sex attractions, and suggest the inevitability of certain homosexual sexual practices.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Genetics and Human Agency</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>In the second response to the featured article, Turkheimer (2011) suggests that genetic essentialism has a counterpoint in na&iuml;ve environmentalism, whereby the theoretical challenges of behavioral genetics are basically ignored.&nbsp; &quot;Psychoanalysts were wrong to think that overbearing mothers made their children gay, and genetic essentialists were wrong about gay genes and similar nonsense,&quot; Turkheimer observes, &quot;but what is the right way to think about genetic influences on sexual orientation?&quot; (p. 825). He then asserts that the preferred way to think about this is not in terms of heritability, because contrary to common wisdom, traits do not have heritabilities because heritability depends on the population in which it is measured.&nbsp; &quot;No matter how heritable height may be in some particularly time and place,&quot; notes the author by way of example, &quot;neither height in a single individual nor differences in height among individuals can develop without an environment.&quot;&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Instead of heritability, then, Turkheimer looks to the language of a typical biometric analysis of a trait, such as found in twin studies.&nbsp;&nbsp; In such analyses, heritability is contrasted with two environmental components attributable to the shared variance and the nonshared variance.&nbsp; The shared component is comprised of environmental forces that make children in the same family more alike. By contrast, the nonshared environment comprises the nongenetic reasons that cause siblings raised in the same family to be different.&nbsp; It is the only reason identical twins raised in the same family have any differences at all.&nbsp; As such, the nonshared environment is the most important component for understanding the personal and ethical consequences of behavior genetics.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Turkheimer indicates there are two reasons why identical twins raised in the same family do not have identical outcomes.&nbsp; One is measurement error. The other, more intriguing reason &quot;&#8230;is the self-determinative ability of humans to chart a course for their own lives, constrained but not determined by the genes, family, and culture, and in response to the vagaries of environmental experience with which they are presented.&nbsp; The nonshared environment, in a phrase, is free will&quot; (p. 826).</div>
<div>The nonshared environment addresses what is at stake when we are concerned about whether people are able to control their own weight or choose their sexual orientation.&nbsp; Turkheimer presents the nonshared environment proportions (NEP) for the traits examined by Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011a) and orders them in terms of their controllability and moral relevance, as displayed below.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Trait&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NEP</div>
<div>Height&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .1</div>
<div>Weight&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .3</div>
<div>Adult intelligence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .2</div>
<div>Personality&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .6</div>
<div>Schizophrenia&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .15</div>
<div>Depression&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .6</div>
<div>Criminality&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .4</div>
<div>Sexual orientation&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .5</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>According to Turkheimer, we have a particular concern for the genetics of behavior, because behavior genetics is experienced genetics, and the interaction of genetics with human agency.&nbsp; While we are free to become what we want, doing so will take more effort for some traits than for others and will require a Herculean effort for the most ingrained.&nbsp; As seen in the table above, sexual orientation change generally appears to take somewhat more effort than the achievement of change in personality or depression and less effort than for reducing criminality or weight.&nbsp; Thus the comparative nonshared variance statistics suggest that while change in same-sex attractions is possible, it is by no means a simple or easy process. For Turkheimer, the NEP serves to prevent coarse and absolute claims about people either &quot;having a choice&quot; or being &quot;hard wired&quot; for their traits.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Concluding Rejoinder</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>The article series concludes with a rejoinder by Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011b).&nbsp; The authors indicate that they agree with Haslam that biochemical substances and neurological mechanisms can also serve as effective primes for essentialist thinking.&nbsp; Extreme nature and nurture positions have a magnetic draw and tend to overwhelm more nuanced thinking. Dar-Nimrod and Heine view the interaction of nature and nurture as the most scientifically defensible explanation for human behavior, whereby genes are relevant to human behavior but do not determine it. This has implications for determining the morality of behavior, presumably including sexual behavior:</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>As there are no known complex human behaviors in which genetics render the actor unable to resist performing a behavior, we contend that genetic etiological accounts should not serve as the basis for moral evaluations.&nbsp; Genes provide one source of influence (depending upon how those genes are expressed in interaction with other genes and experiences and following a developmental trajectory), but there are many other sources of influence at play, making the role of genes in producing any complex behaviors far from deterministic.&nbsp; Furthermore, the amount of influence that genes have on behaviors is considerably smaller than one might think. (p. 831)</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dar-Nimrod and Heine do believe that genetic essentialist biases have greater potency that environmental essentialist biases or even interactionist accounts, since the former are much more likely to be perceived as offering an underlying, materialistic, immutable, and fundamental cause of an individual&#39;s nature.&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Finally, the authors agree with Turkheimer&#39;s criticism of how heritability estimates have been misused.&nbsp; In addition, they offer for consideration another way heritability estimates have been misinterpreted.&nbsp; They note that in the heritability research one large component of environmental influence is never taking into account people&#39;s cultural background.&nbsp; Experimental designs are not capable of accounting for the role of different cultural backgrounds, which results in a substantial restriction of range problem in making estimates.&nbsp; This means that the role of environmental influence on these behaviors is going to be grossly underestimated and the estimates of heritability overestimated.&nbsp; Heritability estimates therefore are most meaningful when their relative size is contrasted between characteristics assessed in the same samples and contexts.</div>
<div>This would appear to have serious consequences for understanding the degree of heritability of sexual orientation, since we have little if any such research coming out of non-Western cultures to compare with what has been reported in the West.&nbsp; Researchers&nbsp;&nbsp; may currently and erroneously assume genetic heritability estimates are universally valid when in fact this is far from the truth.&nbsp; These estimates may well be far smaller than we think.&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In summary, Dar-Nimrod and Heine, as well as their respondents, have provided a valuable service by raising awareness of the causes and effects of genetic essentialism and some ramifications of it for our thinking about sexual orientation. It is difficult to do justice in a brief review to the depth of insights and thought provoking analysis that are contained within these pages.&nbsp; Interested readers who wish to dig into the original sources will not be disappointed with their investment of time. Portrayals of the origin of homosexuality in the media as well as in some of the relevant science appears to provide potent examples of genetic essentialism (and perhaps biochemical essentialism too).&nbsp; We would be wise to keep the lessons of Dar-Nimrod and Heine&#39;s analysis in mind as we consider the causes of homosexuality and the claims of its immutability.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>References</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Dar-Nimrod, I., &amp; Heine, S. J. (2011a). Genetic essentialism: On the deceptive determinism of DNA. Psychological Bulletin, 137(5), 800-818.</div>
<div>Dar-Nimrod, I., &amp; Heine, S.J. (2011b). Some thoughts on essence placeholders, interactionism, and heritability: Reply to Haslam (2011) and Turkheimer (2011). Psychological Bulletin, 137(5), 829-833.</div>
<div>Haslam, N. (2011). Genetic essentialism, neuroessentialism, and stigma: Commentary on Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011). Psychological Bulletin, 137(5), 819-824.</div>
<div>Hamer, D. H., Hu, S., Magnuson, V.L., Hu, N., &amp; Pattatucci, A.M.L. (1993, July 16). A linkage between DNA markers on the X chromosome and male sexual orientation. Science, 261, 321-327.</div>
<div>Turkheimer, E. (2011). Genetics and human agency: Comment on Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011). Psychological Bulletin, 137(5), 825-828.</div>
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