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What Can We Learn from the Stem Cell Debates?

August 7th, 2012 Jill Posted in Ethics, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Brendan Foht, Witherspoon Institute

A report from The Witherspoon Council, a newly-formed bioethics body, argues that even the noblest aspirations of the scientific enterprise must be guided by ethics and governed under political authority.
 
The stem cell debates of the past decade and a half were among the most heated controversies about science and politics in recent memory, raising important questions about how to promote and fund scientific research while protecting human life at all its stages. “The Stem Cell Debates: Lessons for Science and Politics,” a major report published earlier this year by the Witherspoon Council on Ethics and the Integrity of Science, revisits those debates, articulating lessons about how moral reasoning must shape public deliberation about science. (The Witherspoon Council is a project of the Witherspoon Institute, which publishes Public Discourse, and the Council’s report was published in The New Atlantis, the quarterly journal where I work as assistant editor.)
 
Stem cells are special types of cells that are capable of turning into other types of cells. For this reason, they are often referred to as “master” cells. Some stem cells can turn into only a few specific types of cells; others have the power to turn into any type of cell in the body. Stem cells derived from human embryos are of the latter type, which makes them particularly attractive to medical researchers for potential future therapies—but these stem cells are derived by destroying human embryos. The ethical concern over the destruction of early human life gave rise to political controversy. Ardent advocates of stem cell research sought unqualified government support and federal funding for all possible avenues of stem cell therapies, while critics of embryonic stem cell research argued that taxpayer dollars should not fund medical experiments that destroy human life.
 
 
 
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How many parents would your child like?

August 6th, 2012 Jill Posted in Children/Family, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Bill Muehlenberg, MercatorNet

The new Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) have allowed the creation of brave new families. Whereas earlier it took a man and a woman to produce a child, now there are all sorts of combinations available. A child can be manufactured with any number of players involved.

Indeed, a child can have three, four, five, or six different “parents” involved in his or her creation. And sadly, a child can have no parent – at least no actual biological parent to grow up with. Or quite often it is just one biological parent. Thus the child is robbed of the most important right he or she can ever have – to be born in and raised by a biological mother and father.

In the past it was seen as a tragedy if this occurred. If an accident took place, or a parent died or deserted, societies did all they could to remedy the situation. Adoption for example was meant to help the abandoned or orphaned child to come into as close a two-parent family as possible.

Through no fault of their own, many people found themselves being single parents. Thus unfortunate situations were dealt with as best they could be to look after the child. But today we deliberately are bringing children into the world knowing they will not have their own mum and dad.

Given the overwhelming research we have on the importance of a mother and a father in a child’s development, such deliberately chosen social experiments are in fact a type of child neglect, if not abuse. And this is happening more and more often with ART.

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Gay Marriage and the Test-Tube Tidal Wave

August 6th, 2012 Jill Posted in Gay Marriage, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Alana S Newman

I am the daughter of a sperm donor. For a long time I didn’t understand how this had negatively impacted my life, until I read David Blankenhorn’s Fatherless America. It was like stepping into a series of scenes from my adolescence. Never before had someone so eloquently and acutely described my personal struggles. I now staunchly defy the pro donor-conception script I was expected to embrace. Two years ago I asked for David’s help in creating The Anonymous Us Project—an anonymous story collective for people involved with Artificial Reproductive Technologies (ART), and he obliged. Through the stories I’ve received on my site and the research I have read, I am convinced that I am not alone in my struggles being donor-conceived.

So I was surprised with David’s new stance on same-sex marriage as described in his recent New York Times piece. I feel he underestimates, inter alia, the rapid expansion of donor-conception that will accompany same-sex marriage, and with it, many of the social ills he so diligently describes in Fatherless America.

David pivots his resistance to same-sex marriage because his desire to enhance the public’s understanding of marriage as it is related to parenthood has “largely failed to persuade.” He says that, “In the mind of today’s public, gay marriage is almost entirely about accepting lesbians and gay men as equal citizens.” But in his conclusion he asks, “Can we discuss whether both gays and straight people should think twice before denying children born through artificial reproductive technology the right to know and be known by their biological parents?”

This final remark suggests that anonymity is the only problem with ART. It is true that straight people started ART, but same-sex marriage will increase the demand for sperm and egg donors—inherently denying children access to one or both of their natural parents.

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‘Same-sex behavior is hazardous, is harmful, and is dangerous’: Scottish Catholic media director

August 3rd, 2012 Jill Posted in Freedom Of Speech, Gay Activism, Medical Ethics Comments Off

Archbishop-elect Philip TartagliaBy Thaddeus Baklinski, LifeSite News

The director of the Scottish Catholic Media Office has defended statements made by Archbishop-elect of Glasgow Philip Tartaglia. In which he argued that society has been silent when it comes to the health risks and dangers of the homosexual lifestyle.

“There is a link between same-sex sexual practice and early death,” said Peter Kearney, director of the Scottish Catholic Media Office, to STV’s Rona Dougall on Scotland Tonight last Sunday. “And that’s not something that the Catholic Church simply ‘believes’, there is an overwhelming body of medical evidence to suggest that.”

[...]  Kearney pointed out that the substance of Tartaglia’s statement was that there is “something of a conspiracy of silence around the vast array of medical evidence that exists to suggest that same-sex behavior is hazardous, is harmful, and is dangerous.”

“And the wider question really is as a society why don’t we debate that? Why don’t we have that discussion in the same way, for example, that we’ve been happy to look at how smoking, how alcohol, how over-eating, how drug addiction can cause harms to people’s health?”

Numerous scientific studies over the years suggest that homosexual practices result in a disease-ridden lifestyle and early death.
 
One 2002 report by Dr. John R. Diggs titled The Health Risks of Gay Sex found that sexual relationships between members of the same sex “expose gays, lesbians and bisexuals to extreme risks of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), physical injuries, mental disorders and even a shortened life span.” The report found that “common sexual practices among gay men lead to numerous STDs and physical injuries, some of which are virtually unknown in the heterosexual population.” The report also found that “gay and bisexual men lose up to 20 years of life expectancy”. Diggs concluded that it is “clear that there are serious medical consequences to same-sex behavior.”
 
 
 
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The BBC’s Strawman

July 23rd, 2012 Jill Posted in Media, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Wendy Wright, Turtle Bay & Beyond

The remarkable Dr. Robert Walley wrote an open letter to the BBC about the debate we blogged on earlier. Following the Gates’ Summit on Family Planning, the BBC titled the segment “Should We Promote Contraception In Developing Countries?”
 
As the Professor Emeritus of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Executive Director of MaterCare International notes, the episode became instead a diatribe against the Catholic Church. ”This type of debate is more akin to tabloid journalism and was nothing like the debates I have watched on the BBC World Service,” he writes.
 
Dr. Walley explains what should have been discussed: the failure and corruption of ‘reproductive health’ programs, the best way to reduce maternal mortality, and the selfless service of Catholic health providers in Africa. His first-hand accounts of working in the region would have elevated the discussion.
 
Alas, that does not fit the tired strawman that ‘reproductive rights’ advocates erect in their field of dreams only to light aflame with their scorching accusations.
 
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Elderly patients ‘helped to die to free up beds’, warns doctor

June 21st, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Donna Bowater, Telegraph

NHS hospitals are using end-of-life care to help elderly patients to die because they are difficult to look after and take up valuable beds, a top doctor has warned.

Professor Patrick Pullicino has claimed that doctors are using a care pathway designed to help make people's final days more comfortable as an equivalent to euthanasia.

The Liverpool Care Pathway (LCP) is used in hospitals for patients who are terminally ill or are expected to die imminently. Under the pathway, doctors can withdraw treatment, food and water while patients are heavily sedated.
 
Almost a third of patients – 130,000 – who die in hospital or under NHS care a year are on the LCP.
 
Professor Pullicino said he believed the LCP was being used as an "assisted death pathway" with patients placed on the LCP without clear evidence, according to the the Daily Mail.
 
 
 
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‘Get over it’: children of anonymous sperm donors met with hostility, ridicule, say activists

June 20th, 2012 Jill Posted in Ethics, Medical Ethics Comments Off

AlanaBy Kathleen Gilbert, LifeSite News

For children of anonymous sperm donors yearning for a connection to their biological father, the world can be an unwelcome place.

Instead of meeting compassion, many say that society treats their pain with a dismissive or even hostile attitude – a rift caused by lack of awareness as much as by the brute force of a $3.3 billion industry.
Alana, the child of a sperm donor and the activist behind AnonymousUs.org, says she realized the hard way what she was up against when she began her awareness campaign.
 
“I thought it would be so easy to arrive, state the obvious that children need their fathers, and everyone would be like, oh my God, thank you for reminding us!” she said in the documentary “Anonymous Father’s Day.” “But there is a huge monster of money and people desperate for children, who don’t want me to make it harder for them to buy and sell children.”
 
She said that she has often met with ridicule and vitriol from people who tell her to “just go the beach and get a puppy and run around and have fun, and just get over it,” and even recounted the horrifying words directed at a colleague, who was told, “too bad you weren’t the load your Dad flushed down the toilet.”
 
Read here
 
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Draft doctors’ guidance undermines human rights

June 16th, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics Comments Off

By John Smeaton, SPUC

SPUC has responded to the General Medical Council's consultation on personal beliefs, which closes today. SPUC's submission can be read here.

In our submission, SPUC said:

  • The right to conscientious objection is a human right, which the GMC should recognise and protect far more fully
  • Patients need doctors of integrity who practise medicine in accordance with their conscience, including in regard to pregnant women and their unborn children. Doctors need protection from pressures to treat patients in ways they believe are harmful, or to facilitate such harm by e.g. referring women for abortion
  • The relationship between doctor and patient is not one of service provider to client. It cannot be consistent with professional ethics to require doctors to provide specific procedures, such as abortion, based not on patient need but solely on patient demand
  • It is also quite unreasonable to expect a doctor with a conscientious objection to arrange for the patient to see another doctor “who does not hold the same objection as you” (e.g. to abortion)
  • To require someone to act against his or her conscience is a violation of the person
  • The guidance is unclear and internally incoherent in several places.

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Doctors know the euthanasia lobby is driven by cynical economic motives about the cost of care for the elderly

June 15th, 2012 Jill Posted in Euthanasia, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By George Pitcher, Mailonline

As so often with those who support euthanasia, the British Medical Journal's support for this hideous practice, which has attracted much attention this week, is not all it seems.

For starters, the BMJ has form in supporting idiotic medical causes and, while it is sent to the British Medical Association's members for free, most doctors no longer take it very seriously.

This week's edition carries a piece by Ray Tallis, chairman of the oxymoronic pressure group Healthcare Professionals for Assisted Dying.

Mr Tallis, like eccentric sci-fi writer and pro-euthanasia campaigner Sir Terry Pratchett, has a penchant for flamboyant hats and a full beard.

Why this should be the chosen image for the leading lights of euthanasia is beyond me, but there we are. Perhaps Mr Tallis models himself on Sir Terry's fictional world.

Anyway, dedicated follower of fashion Mr Tallis calls for the BMA to adopt a position of 'studied neutrality' on euthanasia and good luck to him.

He's entitled to throw his colourful hat into the ring and join beards with Pratchett. Following suit, the BMJ's editor, Fiona Godlee, supports his view in the mag's leader column.

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British Medical Journal adopts campaigning stance on euthanasia

June 14th, 2012 Jill Posted in Euthanasia, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Peter Saunders, CMF

The British Medical Journal this week contains three articles aimed at neutralising medical opposition to euthanasia.

The BMJ, which remains editorially independent from the British Medical Association, but is sent to all members, has a long track record of backing liberal causes, amongst them the legalisation of assisted suicide and euthanasia.

A comment piece from Ray Tallis, chairman of the pressure group ‘Healthcare Professionals for Assisted Dying’ (HPAD) calls for the BMA and Royal Medical Colleges to take a position of ‘studied neutrality’ on euthanasia.

An emotive ‘personal view’ by Tess McPherson, relates the story of the death of her mother Ann, an Oxfordshire GP who died from cancer of the pancreas last year and was the founder of HPAD.

Finally the journal’s editorial by Fiona Godlee, ‘supports’ HPAD’s call.

The BMJ sought wide exposure for the articles by sending out an embargoed press release yesterday ensuring that the story would get prominent media coverage (See Daily Mail, Daily Express, Press Association and Evening Standard).

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GMC plans to hold secret proceedings against Christian doctor for sharing his beliefs

June 12th, 2012 Jill Posted in Healing, Medical Ethics, Religious Liberty Comments Off

by Peter Saunders, CMF

According to a new report from Christian Concern, the General Medical Council (GMC) has today decided to continue disciplinary proceedings against a Christian GP, despite the fact that the patient who made the complaint has refused for two years to give evidence face to face. The BBC has also reported on the case.

Dr Richard Scott, who works at Bethesda Medical Centre in Margate, Kent, was first reported to the GMC in September 2010 for discussing his Christian faith with a patient at the end of a private consultation.

Following the complaint, Dr Scott, was threatened with an Official Warning by the GMC, which he refused to accept.

As well as deciding to continue with the proceedings, the GMC has today also made the extraordinary decision that part of the case will be held in secret. The press and the public will be barred from attending, and Andrea Williams, CEO of the Christian Legal Centre, has been specifically excluded from attending the hearings to support Dr Scott.

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Contracepting America: the real war on women

June 12th, 2012 Jill Posted in Conscience, Medical Ethics, Religious Liberty Comments Off

by Michael Giesler, MercatorNet

Catholic institutions are suing the Obama administration over its contraception mandate. A Catholic priest explains why the Church opposes the pill.

Last month dozens of Catholic institutions in the United States filed a lawsuit against the Obama administration, challenging the constitutionality of its contraception mandate. There can be little doubt that requiring employers to provide a drug that violates their conscience is against the First Amendment. It violates one of the main reasons for the founding of our country: religious freedom.

But the underlying problem is far deeper than a constitutional or historical issue. The fact is that the federal government has absolutely no right to mandate a drug that is really not a health benefit for anyone, but a health danger — for the woman, and certainly for the little human life inside of her.

The truth is that the contraceptive pill actually alters a human organ and destroys its natural function within the reproductive system of a woman. It is completely different from cancer treatment, or medicines for bodily diseases. It is not medicinal, or health-giving. Other drugs exist to restore or strengthen the organs of the body, or eliminate a toxic element. Not so the contraceptive pill.

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Unborn babies could be tested for 3,500 genetic faults

June 7th, 2012 Jill Posted in Ethics, Eugenics, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Stephen Adams, Telegraph

Scientists could soon be able to routinely screen unborn babies for thousands of genetic conditions, raising concerns the breakthrough could lead to more abortions.

A team has been able to predict the whole genetic code of a foetus by taking a blood sample from a woman who was 18 weeks pregnant, and a swab of saliva from the father.

They believe that, in time, the test will become widely available, enabling doctors to screen unborn babies for some 3,500 genetic disorders.

At the moment the only genetic disorder routinely tested for on the NHS is Down’s syndrome. This is a large-scale genetic defect caused by having an extra copy of a bundle of DNA, called a chromosome.

Other such faults are sometimes tested for, but usually only when there is a risk of inheriting them from a parent.

By contrast, the scientists say their new test would identify far more conditions, caused by genetic errors.

However, they warned it raised “many ethical questions” because the results could be used as a basis for abortion.

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‘Personal Beliefs and Medical Practice’ – Guide to Responding to the GMC Consultation

June 6th, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics, Religious Liberty Comments Off

By Peter Saunders, CMF

The General Medical Council (GMC) is currently consulting on a range of new guidance to doctors.

Overall there are no less than nine separate documents up for discussion.

The most contentious and controversial of these is ‘Personal Beliefs and Medical Practice’ (PBMP), which deals with both faith-related discussions within a medical consultation and also conscientious objection.

The new draft of PBMP imposes new restrictions on doctors’ expression of personal beliefs and new duties to provide gender reassignment to transgender patients and contraception to the unmarried. It also requires doctors to participate in referral for abortion in some circumstances.

The review is crucially important because, once finalised (definitive drafts will be published in November), this guidance will be the basis on which doctors are judged and those who breach the rules will be at risk of disciplinary proceedings and losing their medical registration.

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Cameron backs controversial IVF plan to create children with three parents

June 3rd, 2012 Jill Posted in Ethics, Medical Ethics Comments Off

by Jonathan Petre, Mailonline

David Cameron has thrown his weight behind a controversial technique to prevent incurable hereditary diseases that will result in the birth of children with three parents.

The Prime Minister urged Health Department officials to accelerate the testing of a new IVF procedure that could eradicate devastating genetic diseases such as muscular dystrophy.

It involves taking the nucleus out of the egg of a mother carrying faulty mitochondria – the ‘batteries’ that power cells – and transferring it into a healthy egg donated by another woman, resulting in a disease-free baby.

But it means the child would contain genetic material not only from his or her mother and father but also from the donor, though scientists say only tiny amounts would come from the third party.

A fierce ethical row will erupt when the Government launches a public consultation within weeks on whether to permit the technique, which critics claim could create ‘hybrid’ children.

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Researcher Says Abortion-Preterm Birth Connection Obscured

May 31st, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics, pro-life/abortion Comments Off

By Lucia Muchova, C-Fam
 
A newly released research paper charges that medical journals and researchers are burying data that shows a link between abortion and dangerous preterm births in later pregnancies.

Dr. Byron Calhoun makes these charges in "Abortion and Preterm Birth: Why Medical Journals Aren't Giving Us The Real Picture,” released by C-FAM (publisher of the Friday Fax).

Calhoun, Professor and Vice-Chair in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the West Virginia University-Charleston and a pioneer in delivering perinatal hospice care to unborn babies and their parents, cites 127 published peer review articles spanning five decades all showing an increased risk of preterm birth following an abortion. Even so, such studies tend to hide this finding and not report it in the paper’s abstract or conclusion. Not only do these tactics make it harder for readers to see the abortion-preterm birth link, but it also could be a sign of ideological preference for ignoring negative effects associated with abortion.
 
A case in point cited by Dr. Calhoun is an important Chinese study published in the Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, which finds that history of combined surgical-medical abortion is associated with increased preterm birth risk of over 200 percent. It also finds an increased risk of over 360 percent for women who had medical abortion with curettage, 1 in 5 women in the study. Despite these findings, the paper’s abstract trumpets that the most important conclusion was that “history of multiple first trimester mifepristone-induced abortions is not associated with a higher risk of preterm delivery among singleton births in the first subsequent pregnancy.” The most important results of the study are obscured, requiring the reader to dig deep into the paper to find them.
 
Read here
 
 
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Career women ‘fuel a surge in abortions’: Over-30s relying on IVF show biggest rise in terminations

May 30th, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics, pro-life/abortion Comments Off

By Sophie Borland, Mailonline

  • There were 189,931 abortions performed for women resident in England and Wales in 2011
  • This was a 0.2% rise on 2010 and 7.7% rise on 2001
  • 36% of women undergoing abortions had one or more previous abortions – a rise of 31% since 2001

The number of women in their 30s having an abortion has soared – fuelling concerns that many assume they can continue with their careers before later resorting to IVF.

Terminations carried out on those aged 30 to 34 has increased by nearly 6 per cent – a steeper rise than in any other age group.

In contrast, abortions carried out on women under 20 has fallen, figures by the Department of Health show.
Experts said one reason was many 30-something women believe they could delay motherhood by using IVF in their 40s.

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Medical guidelines may create an ‘atmosphere of fear’, says bishop

May 23rd, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics, Religious Liberty Comments Off

By Ed West, Catholic Herald

Bishop Tom Williams, auxiliary bishop of Liverpool, has criticised draft guidance by the General Medical Council (GMC) on the role of belief in medical practice.

The bishop, chairman of the bishops’ conference Healthcare Reference Group, said he would “strongly encourage Catholic doctors who work in the health service, and all those who have an interest as patients, carers or potential patients” to respond to a consultation on the draft.

The guidance, entitled “Personal Beliefs and Medical Practice”, was issued last month and is subject to consultation.

Bishop Williams said: “The draft consultation document does not have a balanced or positive appreciation of the value of religion for patients or for the importance of requiring, and hence permitting, doctors to make conscientious ethical decisions. Both religion and conscientious objection seem to be treated as problems to be minimised and circumscribed as much as possible. However, this attitude is incompatible with respect for the religious beliefs of patients and with a commitment to their best interests.”

He also spoke of an “atmosphere of fear” in which doctors were scared of expressing religious belief to patients.

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NICE is wrong to say that older women and lesbian couples should get IVF on the NHS

May 23rd, 2012 Jill Posted in Children/Family, Ethics, Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Jill Kirby, Conservative Home

As Europe waits to see if the euro is about to unravel, and as the UK government struggles to agree on any radical action to energise its own fragile economy, there is an air of unreality in the political news cycle. In a contest for the most out-of-touch proposal, the Prime Minister's offer to give every parent free government-backed advice on bringing up baby was surely last week's winner.
 
Yesterday's recommendation from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), to increase the availability of free fertility treatment on the NHS, looks like a strong contender for this week's list of foolish ways for spending money we don't have.
 
NICE has published new draft guidelines on the use and availability of fertility treatments, including in-vitro fertilisation (IVF), updating its 2004 guidelines to ensure compliance with equalities legislation. IVF is currently available on the NHS for women aged 23-39 (although provision varies widely between health trusts, as to conditions attached and the number of treatment cycles offered.). NICE is now recommending that IVF should also be free to older women, aged 40-42, and advises that women should be entitled to treatment after just two years of trying to conceive naturally, rather than waiting for three years as at present.
 
NICE also recommends that IVF should become available on the NHS to lesbian couples, who currently have to pay for private treatment if they want a child. Such couples will be offered first donor insemination and then full IVF, provided they have already unsuccessfully attempted insemination at a private clinic.
 
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Gay couples and women over 40 to get free IVF treatment on NHS

May 22nd, 2012 Jill Posted in Medical Ethics Comments Off

By Stephen Adams, Telegraph

Same-sex couples will be given the same rights as heterosexual couples under guidance issued by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.
 
The NHS will also extend the upper age limit for IVF by three years to 42, following advice that suggests many women in their late 30s and early 40s could conceive after treatment.
 
The move will see thousands of women a year given the chance to become mothers without having to pay up to £8,000 to private clinics.
 
Fertility experts also questioned whether health authorities could afford to widen eligibility criteria, when only a quarter currently fund three cycles of IVF for infertile couples, as recommended by Nice.
 
Gedis Grudzinskas, emeritus professor of obstetrics and gynaecology at Barts and the Royal London Hospital, said that while the new guidance reflects "social changes" there were questions over whether NHS trusts could afford it.

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